Case Study Papa John’s International, Inc. Twenty-First Century Growth Challenges Essay

1) What is your evaluation of Papa John’s separation methodology? On what bases does the organization separate? There are various bases on which Papa John’s separates itself, a significant number of which are interrelated. As a matter of first importance is Papa John’s offering of a more excellent pizza, which not just permits them to separate based on an item highlight (for example the top notch fixings utilized in the pizza), at the same time, considerably more significantly, based on notoriety. While most other pizza chains have their sights set on all the more a cost-pioneer/low-value system, and offer a less authentic expression of value, Papa John’s whole hierarchical culture is centered decisively upon the quest for â€Å"better fixings, better pizza†. This responsibility has thusly charmed it to client base, and has brought about a long string of high consumer loyalty evaluations. Father John’s early selection of on the web and versatile requesting advancements permitted it to separate itself on the bases of both planning of presentation and conveyanc e channels. Father John’s was in reality the absolute first pizza chain to offer both web and text-based requesting, and it had the option to produce huge incomes as a first-mover in these then-undiscovered channels. Being that Papa John’s is a piece of the bigger cheap food industry, and purchasers search out inexpensive food in huge part based on its accommodation, the estimation of such an appropriation framework clearly lies in how effectively available it made Papa John’s items. 2) Is Papa John’s system manageable? What is your evaluation dependent on a VRIO investigation? Clearly the most manageable base of Papa John’s separation methodology is its notoriety for being a maker of top notch pizzas. Such has been earned through long stretches of pledge to the objective of creating a â€Å"perfect pizza†, which is an outgrowth of a solid authoritative culture and very much conveyed vision. The connection between Papa John’s and its devoted client base is socially intricate, and these clients couldn't be removed for the time being by an adversary who out of nowhere started utilizing better fixings. Be that as it may, the supporting of this notoriety †the item highlight of top notch fixings †isn't close to as feasible, as it isn't excessively exorbitant for Papa John’s adversaries of tantamount size to eventually emulate. Indeed, Domino’s and Pizza Hut have shown a move towardsâ higher-quality fixings as of late, thus this purpose of separation is no longer as uncommon as it once seemed to be. Be that as it may, it will take a lot more long stretches of causing pizzas of correspondingly high caliber for either to really solidify a similar notoriety as Papa John’s, and notoriety stays an entirely economical base of separation. Notwithstanding, it merits considering at which value point the estimation of this notoriety starts to lessen, given the idea of the item classification itself. Daddy John’s is, all things considered, an inexpensive food pizza chain, and cost assumes a huge job in the cheap food advertise. Clearly, some portion of the benefit of having a separated item is the capacity to order premium costs for it, and to effortlessly give expanded expenses to a client base which is moderately cost inhumane. Be that as it may, the inquiry here is the thing that value roof exists on inexpensive food pizza, paying little heed to its quality. Daddy John’s may have gained notoriety for the most excellent cheap food pizza, and faithful clients might be happy to pay more for this top notch inexpensive food pizza than a lower-quality cheap food pizza, yet the value dissimilarity between the two is probably not going to be anyplace close as extraordinary as that between, state, a vehicle made b y Rolls Royce and one made by Hyundai. Father John’s might have the option to charge a premium, however it should in any case exist inside what is a basically restricted value run adequate for inexpensive food. Should Papa John’s costs surpass this sensible range †maybe if they can't keep fighting off fixing cost unpredictability just as they have to this point †at that point even their most faithful clients will go to different brands or substitute nourishments of more excellent which warrant a more significant expense. The fundamental point is that value despite everything assumes a huge job in Papa John’s notoriety †sure they make excellent pizza, and sure it costs somewhat more than Domino’s, however that value premium is comparable with its more prominent quality, and it finds some kind of harmony among reasonableness and quality. In any case, the worth this notoriety gives in permitting to more significant expenses †while it does exist, and along these lines drives one to infer that notoriety is a wellspring of continued upper hand †does to be sure have its imperatives. It makes esteem, yet just until arriving at a value roof which is lower for this item class than for premium items in most other item classifications. As to John’s other, interrelated bases ofâ differentiation †timing of presentation and appropriation channels †it is clear that these were just impermanent wellsprings of upper hand along a base which has offered approach to serious e quality. Each and every other pizza chain (and practically every café, network or autonomous) presently offers on the web and additionally versatile requesting, and along these lines Papa John’s offering of expanded comfort is not, at this point uncommon. Moreover, Papa John’s has not been the first to showcase with any further comparable developments in the years to follow, and its base of separation as a pioneer of smart advancements is from numerous points of view at present lethargic. This is maybe owed to a move in hierarchical concentrate away being the first-to-advertise with novel recommendations as Papa John’s looks progressively to expanding the business they have just consummated to outside business sectors. 3) What do you prescribe Papa John’s do to accomplish its development objectives? Daddy John’s has experienced difficulties in its endeavor to adjust its emphasis on delivering a more excellent pizza with growing its item blend enough to keep up in with contenders who offer more extensive item blends. Dad John’s wouldn't like to extend its concentration and assets excessively meager, and therefore weaken the nature of its pizza by moving consideration away from it. In any case, a considerable lot of Papa John’s contenders, in particular market pioneers Domino’s and Pizza Hut, have widened their item blends to incorporate things, for example, pasta dishes, and Papa John’s has thusly been constrained into receiving comparable increments to their menu. Since these pizza chains have started coordinating each other concerning item blends, including menu things is acting more as a base of serious equality than upper hand. In any case, in extending its item blend through co-marking methodologies, Papa John’s can fashion an unquestionably increasingly manageable base of separation. Dad John’s has just banded together with Nestle in including extra treat things, and such is a procedure they should keep on pursueing forcefully, not simply with Nestle yet with numerous different organizations. Clearly Papa John’s can let loose its assets and consideration in banding together with another organization to create and deliver menu things for it, and it can concentrate more on keeping up its elevated level of pizza quality. All the more critically, if Papa John’s could go into select arrangements with these different brands and organizations, and thusly be theâ only one in the business to offer items by a given brand of high notoriety (and even conceivably an item made solely by that brand for Papa John’s), at that point its rivals will experience significantly more difficult y endeavoring to coordinate the joined brand value of Papa John’s and its accomplices. As far as all the more a corporate-level technique, Papa John’s ought to think about incorporating in reverse into the creation of its excellent fixings. Clearly it has just done this somewhat with BIBP Commodities, Inc. in combatting cheddar value instability, however they ought to consider going above and beyond in really delivering cheddar and different fixings themselves. They would be vastly improved ready to protect a constant flow of reliably valued fixings in taking care of creation themselves somewhat, and they would likewise have the option to legitimately keep up the nature of its fixings. It has just been expressed that the item highlight of great fixings isn't entirely feasible, and that other pizza fastens are as of now moving to coordinate the nature of Papa John’s fixings. Be that as it may, should Papa John’s lock in a gracefully of excellent fixings at moderate costs while others are as yet experiencing critical value instability, at that point it will be all the more exorbitant for Papa John’s contenders to emulate its pizza quality. Moreover, Papa John’s could go about as provider of fixings to different eateries (aside from obviously its rivals), similarly as it initially ventured into the printing business to deliver its own print promotions, yet now likewise gives printing administrations to different organizations. Venturing into the creation of fixings it as of now utilizes so vigorously and, essentially of its skill in delivering excellent pizzas, of which it as of now as a solid understanding bodes well than making a Hispanic eatery as is proposed in the content, being this such is a particular classification of food with which Papa John’s has no related knowledge. In entering a café class so unique, Papa John’s should extended its consideration far †far more slender than in growing its item blend †and, thus, will probably be diverted from its until now unfaltering quest for â€Å"better pizza†, getting under way a possible loss of its hardfought notoriety. As expressed, Papa John’s

This I Believe Essays

This I Believe Essays This I Believe Paper This I Believe Paper This I Believe: Isabel Allende: In Giving I associate with others. This Chapter truly stood out to me; by perusing I found a great deal association. â€Å"In Giving I Connect with Others,† the title justifies itself, yet to expand and go inside and out, the essayist Isabel Allende had a 28-year old girl who was exceptionally debilitated, went in a state of extreme lethargy and later past in 1992. Losing her girl in her very arms was hard for her. While in her procedure of anguish she reflect over her life, she went to the understanding that she was as yet a similar individual she had been 50 years back. She despite everything had the energy forever, becomes hopelessly enamored effectively, longs for equity, and savagely free. Her girl Paula carried on with an existence of administration. She went through her days chipping in at a few offices. She went through eight hours per day, six days seven days helping ladies and kids. She never had the cash, yet she required practically nothing. Paula’s passing was an exceptionally difficult time for her mom to adapt to. She needed to relinquish everything that may helped her to remember little girl; everything from her voice, giggling, appearance, and furthermore her soul. Losing Paula was a purging encounter for Isabel, she had to dispose of overabundance things and kept just what was basic and significant. Paula showed her mom Isabel an entirely significant exercise â€Å"don’t get so appended to anything†. I for one took in a great deal from this section. I am continually ready to help other people in any capacity that I can. I generally volunteer when there is an opening. So far I have volunteer in different areas, for example, Valley Rescue Mission, Feeding the Homeless, Clothing Bank, Teen Challenge, and so on. Growing up I have consistently discovered that it is smarter to offer than to get. Since when you provide for somebody out of the integrity of your heart, no one can really tell how much you’re offering intended to them. I am continually taking care of my personal business prepared to provide for Goodwill and the Clothing Bank. I have consistently been trained that when you need to part with something, put yourself at the opposite end, in the event that what you’re giving doesn't look adequate, at that point don’t give it. Providing for the less blessed is continually inspiring for me. I generally love to see the grin on their appearances when they get. The term â€Å"Giving† doesn’t essentially mean giving material things; it can likewise mean giving mentally. Imparting your insight to others can likewise be useful. For instance, in the event that you have increasingly about a particular point or subject and somebody is battling with that equivalent zone that you are capable with, the best activity as a faithful individual is help that individual and feed them with a similar information that you have so they can acquire understanding. There are numerous ways go give. The main concern is the point at which we give out of adoration and empathy the idea of accepting a â€Å"prize† or a â€Å"thank you† back ought not make any difference. The prize ought to be the effect you made on the less lucky and the bliss that you brought to them. Isabel said in the part, â€Å"what is the purpose of having experience, information or ability on the off chance that I don’t part with it? Of having stories on the off chance that I don’t instruct them to other people, of having riches on the off chance that I don’t share it? We as a whole have a great deal to give; we can't have that much within us that we will not impart to other people. Through giving we meet others; we associate with others that we never knew existed. I am consistently prepared to provide for anyone, I never search for a thank you consequently as long as they are glad and fulfilled, that is the only thing that is in any way important to me, putting a grin on somebody else’s face is the main thing that issues. â€Å"In Giving I Connect With Others. †

Science Essay Topic Example For Students

Science Essay Topic The Purpose of this paper is to survey the fever convention utilized in the counseling medical caretaker office when contrasted with the convention recommended by the nursing research articles. In the counseling medical caretaker office, we utilize a convention for fever wherein we evaluate the indications of patients who call us and we triage then with the convention. The main thing we do is ensure they are not needing crisis clinical consideration, at that point we go over their side effects cautiously to ensure they can securely deal with themselves at home.If we discover they are not needing quick clinical consideration, we give them home consideration guidelines. One of the directions is to give Tylenol or Motrin for any fever over 100 F.According to the exploration articles, treating a fever isn't generally in the patients wellbeing. Fever effectsly affects the body and should just be treated in a specific populace of patients.The paper will likewise talk about the physiologica l, Pathophysiological, social and experiential reactions to the marvels of fever. An organization named Access Health supplies the fever convention utilized by the counseling medical caretaker office. The organization sells nursing call focuses programming that they use to triage patients side effects. They arent used to analyze, just to enable the patient to get the degree of care required by their side effects. Doctors give the medical attendants authorization to utilize these conventions to decrease the measure of calls they need to deal with. The fever convention is separated into areas. The principal segment is new in which the indications are so extreme they have to call 911 or go to an ER. In the fever convention you would send an individual with a temperature more than 104 F to the ER. On the off chance that the had a diminished degree of awareness you would train them to call 911. The subsequent area is called dire inside four hours, in this segment if a patient has had an ongoing medical procedure or methodology or have a genuine ailment, for example, diabetes or sickle cell and have a fever over 102 they ought to go to the ER or to their primary care physicians office. The third segment is called critical inside twenty-four hours. These patients can require a meeting with their primary care physician inside the following twenty-four hours for indications of a fever over 100 with no improvement with home consideration. The following area called non-dire, those indications can be thought about at home, for example, a fever that goes down with Tylenol. The last a rea is called attentive pausing, which typically requires the patient just to know about intensifying side effects and to get back to in the event that they happen. In the event that we triage the patient and feel they can securely deal with themselves at home, we give them home consideration that is in the fever convention. We teach them to rest, drink liquids and take Tylenol or Motrin for a fever over 100. We urge them to keep on taking the medications until their indications are no more. One of the physiologic reactions to fever is expanded pulse. At the point when an individual has a fever, their digestion increments up to seven percent for every degree increment better than average. The pulse ascends around ten beats for every moment for every degree better than average. (Morgan 1990). Daze is a pathophysiologic reaction that can happen with fever. It generally occurs if the fever is more than 104. Daze happens when the body has a fast ascent in temperature that doesnt trigger the compensatory cooling systems. This marvels can begin a positive input circumstance where there is an expanded metabolic reaction to invigorate heat creation. This reaction can keep on raising internal heat level. (Rowsey 1997). .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 , .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .postImageUrl , .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 , .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499:hover , .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499:visited , .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499:active { border:0!important; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499:active , .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499:hover { darkness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } . u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u9d6d82fc6c5263f49a58222a3c8d4499:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Redefinition Of Social Institutions EssayThe study: Pathophysiology of Fever, Part 2: Relooking at Cooling Interventions by P. Rowsey was audited for this paper. The examination in this investigation found that treatment of fever isn't constantly fundamental and can be destructive. It expressed that current day look into shows that fever is certainly not an obsessive reaction to injury or sickness yet a physiologic reaction that enables the body to battle off disease and aggravation. The article expresses that a fever enacts the arrival of a few substances that help battle contamination and tumor development, for example, T-lymphocytes and Interferon. Another impact fever has is the creation of hypoferremia. Hypoferremia causes the reduction in iron in the blood which helps decline the development of microbes. Fever likewise begins the Hepatic intense Phase that causes the arrival of neutrophils. This enables the body to dispose of harmed tissues and set up the body for reconstructing and wound mending. The examination shows that cooling the body febrile body can accomplish more mischief than anything both physiologically and mentally. By cooling the body too rapidly, it can cause shuddering and really influence the center temperature to increment. Removing dress and covers can make the patient endure more pressure, expanding more warmth creation and be more metabolically unfavorable than the fever itself. The examination found that it is smarter to treat the awkward manifestations that accompany fever, as opposed to treating the fever itself. The investigation said that if a fever is more than 104, it is probably an irresistible procedure and ought to be dealt with as needs be. (Rowsey 1997). The article was a review of a few examinations. Most the examinations included solid grown-ups, some of them were done in the basic consideration setting with genuinely sick patient. A couple of the physiological investigations were performed on creatures. The individuals who call the counseling medical attendant office run the extent of levels of ailment. We have sound individuals who call, requiring directions since they are sick so inconsistently and the opposite finish of the range of the simply released open-heart patients who are spiking a temperature. The examination that was inspected had enough data to help the adjustment in the convention. The convention wouldnt be difficult to change yet people groups minds are an alternate issue. Morgan, S. (1990). A correlation of three techniques for overseeing fever in the neurologic patient. Diary of Neuroscience Nursing, 22, 19-24. Rowsey,P. (1997). Pathophysiology of fever section: 2 relooking at cooling mediations. Measurements of Critical Care Nursing, 16, 251-256. Book reference:

Covalent Bond Examples

Covalent Bond Examples Covalent Bond Covalent bonds are the most common and most important kind of bonding. It is a bonding between atoms within a molecule and forms the strongest bonds anywhere. Covalent bonds are chemical bonds between two non-metal atoms. A covalent bond between atoms is formed, when they share one or more pairs of electrons among each other. These shared pairs create a bond between the atoms, which binds them together into a singular unit, as a molecule. These shared electrons revolve in their outermost shells. A full outer shell needs eight electrons. The electrons in this outer shell are called valence electrons. The number of valence electrons is dependent on the size of the atom. Electrons then circle the atom in the same manner that planets orbit the stars. There is developed a path around the atomic nucleus. The first layer always contains only two electrons. The outer layers after that layer usually contain up to eight. For example, if an atom contained eight electrons, the first two wou ld orbit very close to the atomic nucleus. The next six would orbit a little further away. Every atom wants a full outer shell. It desires to have eight electrons in the outer most shell. In this example the atom wants eight electrons in the outer shell but only has six. Therefore, the atom will borrow electrons from another atom. When this chemical bond takes place, a covalent bond is formed. Covalent bonds can be split into two groups: Simple and Giant. Although they are both similar, there are some distinguishing factors. For example, Giant covalent bonds have relatively high melting and boiling points, whereas Simple covalent bonds have a relatively low melting and boiling point. This is because of the inter-molecular forces of attraction. With giant covalent bonds, the bonds between layers are very strong. However, with a simple covalent bond, the bonds between the atoms have a strong inter-molecular bond, but there are no bonds between the molecules, which is why it has a relatively low melting and boiling point. When two atoms that are sharing electrons attract electrons with the same force, a non-polar covalent bond is formed. A non-polar covalent bond is a bond where the shared electrons are shared equally. On the other hand, a polar covalent bond is a covalent bond in which the shared electrons are more attracted to one of the atoms than the other. The shred electrons are more likely to be near the atom whose electronegativity is higher. Examples of Covalent Bond: 1. Water An example is water. Water consists of a covalent bond containing hydrogen and oxygen bonding together to make H2O. In this atomic molecule, two hydrogen atoms share their single electrons with the oxygen atom, which shares its own two electrons in return. This is an example of a covalent bond, which is created because of the higher electronegativity of oxygen. 2. Diamonds A diamond is an example of Giant Covalent bond of carbon. A diamond has a giant molecular structure. Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms. Electrons are borrowed from these other carbon atoms. There is a tremendous amount of energy needed to separate the atoms in a diamond. This is because a covalent bond is strong and a diamond contains four covalent bonds. This makes the melting and boiling point if the diamond very high. 3. Vulcanized rubber Another example is vulcanized rubber. Rubber is sticky when warm and brittle when cold. In 1939, Charles Goodyear accidently dropped a mixture of sulfur and natural rubber on a hot stove. The mixture heated up and became tough and elastic, forming vulcanized rubber. What happened? The covalent bonds transformed sulfur and natural rubber into the vulcanized rubber when it was heated. It changed because the covalent bonds between sulfur and rubber changed.

Why Do You Buy A House Essay - 2251 Words

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To be honest, I am not a real estate professional myself, however, I got into investing into real estate last year and the thought came into my mind to pass on the knowledge and my advice throughout all that I have learned so far. I firmly believe in the saying, learn from other people s mistakes so you don t have to go through them yourself. 1. Planning It is always essential to plan something out before you start it. You wouldn t go on a road trip before planning for it, right? The same goes for investing in real estate. Planning helps you cover all your bases, but more importantly it will give you an accurate picture of where you are, where you want to be, and how you will get there. In yourShow MoreRelatedWhy Can t I Buy A House? Los Angeles? You Do Not Make Enough Money?1703 Words   |  7 PagesWhy can’t I buy a house in Los Angeles? You do not make enough money. Why can’t I find a job? You did not attend a high ranked school. Why did I drop out of high school? 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The Effects Of Pornography On The Individual And Society

The Naturalist believes that individuals who are unable to control their sexual urges commit most sexual crimes. Pornography is beneficial to the individual and the society. It promotes sex education and reduces sexual crimes. The naturalist believe the Jehovanist are fact dominating. There are various stem originating from naturalism and some of which includes Secularization, this is when the jehovanist loose their spiritual and social confidence not knowing that sex has no basis. Materialization deals with the Naturalist having a good look at themselves and realizing that sex has no metaphysic (No connection with the spiritual). They identify the mind, self and the body and acknowledge that sex is nothing more than a physical behavior. The Biologist takes a different approaching by accepting the human behavior as synonymous to that of an animal. As they say be like water as nothing is as essential as it. Unlike the Naturalist, The Jehovanist divides sex into 2 parts, the normal, and the abnormal. The normal is bad if it not done within its context and for its purpose, while the abnormal is pervasive. They are sexual conservatives and they emphasize the end result of sex (Reproduction). They believe sex outside of this context is evil. The jehnovanist believe that normal sex is bad and should only be tolerated and restricted in the context of marriage. Homosexuality is a serious crime to the jehovanist because they are not distinct for sexual and too similar to eachShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Pornography1558 Words   |  7 Pages The Negative Effects of Pornography on Society The opinion of most people today is that pornography is harmless and that there are no real harmful effects that result from it. The truth is, we all can be affected by pornography, and the sexual messages our society is exposed to. Pornography and the messages it conveys have a direct effect in shaping attitudes and encouraging behavior that can harm, not only individuals who view it but also their families as well. Pornography is often viewedRead MoreEssay about The Harmful Effects of Pornography 1626 Words   |  7 Pages Whether pornography is an excuse to make acts of violence public? A big number of famous scholars, no matter men or women, have given their opinions. Each of them has their own view, but we can sort them into two groups, which are against to serious censorship and willing to convict and uproot pornography. Because of pornography, women’s status can never be equal to men’s. Recently, a revolution about the perception of moral values comes out in the world, which refers to how deep the changes ofRead MorePornography Addiction Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagesincrease in the acceptance of pornography than in the last 25 years. 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Pornography involves books, magazines, videos, and devices and has moved from the society into the mainstream through the renting of video cassettes, sales Of so-called soft-porn magazines, and the airing of sexually explicit movies on Cable television. Read MoreThe Negative Impact of Pornography on Behavior Essay1564 Words   |  7 Pages Studies have shown that pornography has several significant effects on an individual. A study in 2000 conducted by Oddone-Paolucci, Genuis, and Violato revealed information on the correlation between pornography consumption and behaviour (Oddone-Paolucci et al., 2000). Out of 12,323 people, eighty-five percent of people were sampled from the U.S.A, eleven percent from Canada, and two studies were done in Europe (Oddone-Paolucci et al., 2000). Overall, the analysis of the results showed â€Å"a thirty-oneRead MoreShould Pornography Be Restricted?1492 Words   |  6 PagesThe controversy over whether pornography should or should not be restricted has been a widely debated topic over the past few decades. Proponents of such restriction bring to light the degrading message pornography depicts that perpetrates the silencing of women. Even though the silencing and subordination of women is a real phenomenon, the overall significance and effect the pornography industry has on it seems wid ely overestimated. Furthermore, the implications of such restriction seem far moreRead MoreSexual Images And Its Effects On Society1472 Words   |  6 Pagesbetter chance at survival, or for pleasure, as many current societies interpret and present it sex has driven decisions and cultures throughout history. 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Endangered species 3 Essay Example For Students

Endangered species 3 Essay Endangered Species All over the world there are species of animals and plants that are said to be endangered. By calling them endangered, scientists say that they think the species will become extinct if something isnt done about them. Many more species are now threatened with extinction than ther should be because of many reasons. A species becomes endangered when there are fewer and fewer individuals of the species each year. There are many endagered species like the majestic Siberian tiger or the fascinating Polar Bear, which one day might be extinct and we may never see it again. There are two different kinds of causes that drastically cut Down the number of these endangered species:Direct CausesDirect Causes is when the animals are purposely hunted, trapped, fished, whaled, or seled to extinction. Hunting for sport has been responsible for endangering such animals as the Polar Bear and the Siberian Tiger. But the endangerment of most species that are hunted or trapped today results mainly of commercial activities. Among the animals that have become endangered for commercial reasons are several species of whales, including the enormous Blue Whale; many of the spotted cats, such as the Cheetah; and some kinds of Alligators, Crocodiles, lizards, and snakes. the Whales have been kiled for their oil, the cats for their furs, and the reptiles for their skins. For the most part, these animals arenow protectedby law, either undr international agreement or by local laws. Animals may also be killed when they interfere wiyh human activity. Wolves became endangered beca use they preyed on livestock. they were hunted and trapped by livestock holders in such large numbers,that they disapeared from most parts of the world where they once lived. Sometimes killing one species affects the population of another. Ranchers in the United states poisined prairie dogs because these rodents ate the grass and made burrows under land that was wanted for cattle. By killing prairie dogs, the ranchers caused the total extinction of the black-footed ferret. Indirect CausesThe major indirect cause of endangement to animals throughput the world is the loss of a place to live. As the humane population increases : more land is needed for homesited, for the growing of crops, and fpr yeilding the minerals and fuels that people need. Many animals that live in the great forest, such as the monkeys of the Amazon Basin in South America and the lemurson theh island of Madagascon in the indian ocean are disappearing fast. They are not disappearing because they are being killed but because the trees that provide their and shelter are being cut down for lumber and for space to grow crops. In central Africa the mountain gorilla is presently endangered because its forest home is being cut down. The same is true for the Asian ape and orangutan. Another indirect cause of endagerment has come from chemical poisining of the enviorment. When the chemical DDT was widley used in the U.S to control pests, it washed off the plants to the soil and then into streama, rivers, and oceans. There it was taken up with food by tiny sea animals.When fish ate these animals, they, too, accumalated the poisin in their systems. And when birds such as osprey, bald eagles, and pelicans ate the fish, the chemicals affected the eggs laid by these birds. They began to produce eggs with shells so thin that they broke when the parents sat on them to keep them warm. Some birds stopped laying eggs completely. Problem Solving (school dress code) EssayOther poisins such as mercury, which is used in agriculture and industry, and polychlorinated biphenyls, knowmas PcBs, have found their way into oceans. There they are taken in

Japan vs Uk Economy Essay Example

Japan vs Uk Economy Essay Contemporary history of Japan and UK Japan is the first Asian country to industrialise its economy and become on par with the advanced west. This is all down to a very strong and determined work ethic and their technological aptitude. They place very high emphasis on education and with a comparatively small defence allocation (1% GDP) they have one of the most technologically advanced economies in the world. Japan enjoyed real economic growth for three decades with a 10% average in the 1960s, 5% in the 1970s and 4% in the 1980s. However, growth slowed markedly in the 1990s to an average of 1. 7% due largely to inefficient investment and an asset price bubble in the late 1980s. In March 2011, Japan was hit with their strongest-ever earthquake, and a subsequent tsunami, which caused major devastation, killing thousands and damaging several nuclear power plants. The catastrophe disrupted the countrys economy and its energy infrastructure, and severely strained its capacity to deal with the humanitarian disaster (https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja. html). The UK was the first nation to industrialise by the mid nineteenth century she was considered the most advanced economy in the world. The British industrial revolution was founded on the basis of the market or capitalist economy. Adam smith is the father of the capitalist economy, he identified some key features of this system in his book â€Å"The Wealth of Nations† 1776, the features were: private ownership of resources; the price mechanism allocating scarce resources; laissez faire; competition; profit motive; and consumer sovereignty the Prior to 1979 the British approach to macroeconomic policies was very Keynesian. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan vs Uk Economy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Japan vs Uk Economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Japan vs Uk Economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Britain joined the European Rate Mechanism (ERM) of the European Monetary System (EMS) which meant that the British pound was tied to the EU exchange rate (Woodward, 2004). Britain’s financial policies were influenced by the collapse in oil prices during the early part of 1986. This meant that the level of tax revenue was reduced and the government was forced to delay any major reductions in income taxation. The collapse meant that government could only manage a 1 percent reduction in the basic rate (Woodward, 2004). 992 saw the end of Britain’s membership of the ERM which also brought about a major recession, affecting those who had benefited from the economic boom of the 1980s. Thatcherism saw the privatisation of many state owned entities, including British Airways, British Telecom and British Gas amongst others. The global economic recession of 2009 saw Britain plunder into deep recession, which lead to rising inflation and unemployment. Current economic situation Japan’s economy is sustained by its highly educated and well motivated labour force (Rosser and Rosser, 2004). For decades employers have guaranteed lifetime employment to their employees, hence the reason for Japan’s employment stability. This guarantee over the past few years, have been eroding because of dual pressure from global competition and changes in the demographic domestically (https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja. html). Nakajima et al (2000) stated that Japan’s economic growth since the burst of the economic bubble in 1990 has been minimal, with an average GDP growth rate of less than 1 percent in the 1990’s. Rosser and Rosser (2004) pointed out that Japan was the first nation of non-European origin to industrialise and experience modern economic growth. Its slogan â€Å"Japanese spirit and Western ability† sums up Japan’s approach to economic development. They succeeded by maintaining the Japanese culture which inculcates a good work ethic with western technology. Japan’s fiscal policy has attracted attention because of the relatively low levels of government spending and taxation (Rosser and Rosser, 2004). Rosser and Rosser (2004) stated that many believe that Japan’s relatively low level of social transfer payments encourages savings and hard work. Japan’s economy like most of the developed economies has been in recovery after the global financial crisis of 2009 but the recent earthquake and tsunami has dealt a major blow to their economic growth and recovery. It is argued that Japan has run out of steam and its economic miracle is over. Japan seemed destined in the 1980s to take the number one spot as the world’s leading economy but given recent economic failures this seems highly unlikely in the foreseeable future. The UK economy enjoyed major improvement in its financial stability during the 1980s. However, there was a high price to pay as unemployment rose sharply in 1981 and 1982, with unemployment levels rising to over 3 million in 1983 and remaining above that level until mid 1987 (Sentance, 1998). In 2001-2002 the UK’s GDP growth slipped as the global downturn, the high value of the Pound Sterling and the bursting of the ‘new economy’ bubble hurt manufacturing and exports. Despite being one of Europe’s strongest economies the UK’s growth rate is 1. 6% and unemployment is 7. 9%, this is as a result of the most recent recession that started in the US in 2009, which hit all the major economies, more so the UK because of their close economic links to the US economy.

Ford Motor Company essays

Ford Motor Company essays Up until he was 40 years old, Henry Ford had been acquiring valuable knowledge about business, engines, management, and most importantly cars. In 1903 he created the Ford Motor Company. Along with other investors such as John and Horace Dodge, he raised $28,000 and produced 1,700 Model A cars in the first 15 months. Over the next 5 years Ford and his engineers produced models with the letter B through S. the most successful of these was the Model N, priced at $500, and the least successful was the Model K, priced at $2500. After the Model N it became obvious that the company's success lay in inexpensive cars for a mass market. In 1908, Ford introduced the Model T, a small four-cylinder car with an attractive design and a top speed of 45mph. It's success came from it's low price, at $850, and more than 10,000 were sold in the first year alone. Along with the Ford company's success, came expansion, and in 1910 a new assembly plant was established in Highland Park, Michigan. In 1913, the demand for the Model T increased greatly and Ford introduced the assembly line, which changed our economy forever. By the end of the year, ford had established plants in Canada, Europe, Australia, South America, and Japan. At this point, the Ford Motor Company was the largest manufacturer of cars in the world. In 1918, Henry Ford unsuccessfully ran for senate, and one year later, he named his son, Edsel Ford, the president of the Ford Motor Company. As the popularity shifted from the Model T to larger, more luxurious cars, production of the Model T was stopped, and six months later the Model A was introduced. It featured such improvements as hydraulic shock absorbers, automatic windshield wipers, a gas guage, and a speedometer. About 5 million of these were sold, compared to the Model T selling 15 million. By 1937, Ford was the only major car manufacturer which had not recognized a labor union. A group of union supporters were beaten near a Ford plant ...

Suffolk County Council Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Suffolk County Council - Case Study Example The situation at SCC looks like a case of ‘Top Down’ decision, initiated by the CEO Andrea Hill. She along with some senior executives has taken the hard decision to cut back on the number of staff at SCC. A Top-Down approach in an organization is one where one person (or more) at the top of the organizational hierarchy takes a decision and the juniors are expected to follow it. (Princeton, 2014) In comparison, a Bottom-Up approach in an organization refers to the involvement of people at the grass root level to form a consensus regarding a decision. (Princeton, 2014). On preliminary reading, it looks like the executives at SCC have made a mistake regarding the decision to cut back on staff by using a high handed approach in the matter and perhaps not fully investigated other alternatives which may be available to them. For example, if they had consulted with their staff, and presented the problem to them, and asked the staff to take a pay cut for a short period of time, maybe the issue of cutting back would not have arisen. SCC had over the years gone on a hiring spree, perhaps expecting a sharp increase in the demand for their services. However, this doesn’t seem to have happe ned, and now SCC is facing the dual problem of low demands and high personal cost. A revolutionary change is being tried by the new CEO Andrea Hill, in an effort to make SCC â€Å"leaner, smaller, cheaper, more creative, and more innovative.† The relieving of staff will almost certainly ensure that SCC operates in a cheaper more cost-effective way, but there is no guarantee that it will be more creative or innovative. Moreover, it is my personal opinion that creativity flourishes from stability.  

Leadin organizational design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadin organizational design - Essay Example There is no single right approach. From the experience we got from the exercise, it is clear that solid arranging practice is basic to change administration victory. There are numerous change situations that call for some diverse reactions. Maybe expanding rivalry requests another concentrate on holding existing clients? Then again perhaps extraordinary business victory is bringing about developing aches? It is safe to say that you are ceaselessly filtering the natures turf (markets and rivalry)? Be vigilant in administering attention to the outer environment so the need for change could be promptly recognized. Additionally, it is important to note that a participative arranging procedure is basic to change administration victory. Despite the fact that change may be started by a singular, key stakeholders should additionally thoroughly consider and comprehend need for change. Furthermore, stakeholders must experience the improvement of vision and method. A thorough and normally prolonged methodology of data imparting and dialog is important to make arrangement of the center gathering. Time and vitality went through in intense gatherings with the right individuals will transform stronger systems and solid authority all around the association. On the off chance that these tests are succeed, the change activity will profit from a solid vision and system upheld by a solid, profoundly adj usted center change management as it is the case with Global Tech. William Bridges work is concentrated on the mental process that people experience when adjusting to change. Associations that utilize the Transitions model highlight the exact individual and in some cases excruciating excursion that happens when we relinquish the past and end up in the unbiased zone, on our route to a fresh start. Once more, EC tests pioneers to think about scaling the singular brain science

Implicit cognition Essay Example for Free

Implicit cognition Essay Implicit cognition refers to internal influences that affect an individual’s behaviours. The identifying feature of implicit cognition is that an individual’s past experiences can influence their judgements in   fashion that the individual is not introspectively aware of – i.e. the person is not conscious of the fact that the experiences have affected his/her perceptions in such a way. (Greenwald Banaji, pg 4; 1995) Evidence supports the view that social behaviour and attitudes in particular are often based largely on unconscious attitudes, for example an individual’s attitudes towards a specific ethnic group are prone to be implicitly influenced. Implicit attitudes are commonly thought to mainly effect cognitive bias in a negative way (e.g. racism), however Edward Thorndike (1920) named the ‘halo effect’, upon observing that personality ratings showed a tendency for positive attributes to be associated with other positive attributes more than they should be (Greenwald Banaji, pg 9; 1995). A great amount of ‘halo effect’ research has been based on using physical attractiveness as the objectively irrelevant attribute that influences perception of other characteristics. Studies have shown that attractive people are judged to possess greater social skills as well as being more successful in employment (Dion, Berscheid Walster; 1972). As previously mentioned implicit cognition is caused by past experiences influencing judgement in ways that the individual is not introspectively aware, thus it is imperative to use indirect measures to gauge an individual’s implicit attitudes. The distinction between direct and indirect measures depends on the relationship between what the subject is informed about the purpose of a measure and what the researcher chooses to interpret from the subjects response to the measure (Greenwald Banaji, pg 8; 1995) – the researcher will inform the subject that one attribute is being measured when in fact the researcher will interpret information about another attribute based on the subjects response to the measure. It is necessary to use indirect measures because implicit attitudes are by definition attitudes that an individual is unable to report as they are unaware of their existence i.e. implicit attitudes are beyond an individual’s introspective limits. For the purpose of this essay I have chosen to examine the reaction time based ‘Implicit Association Test’ (IAT) and Facial Electromyography (fEMG) which is based on physiological measurement. Implicit attitudes result in projections of behaviour or judgments that are under the control of automatically activated evaluation, without the actor’s awareness of that causation. The IAT procedure seeks to measure implicit attitudes by measuring their underlying automatic evaluation. A beneficial property of the IAT is that it may resist individuals masking their attitudes using self presentation strategies (e.g. providing false responses in order to gain social acceptance or avoid criticism). In short, the IAT may reveal attitudes and other automatic associations even or those who prefer not to express those attitudes (Greenwald et al, pg 1464-5; 1998). The IAT is performed over a series of five stages; the first stage is called ‘Target Concept Discrimination’ in this stage the target concept is introduced and the subject is instructed to simply pair the stimuli with its corresponding concept, for example a study on implicit attitudes towards sexual preference (Project Implicit – an online database of IATs offering the test to the public, spearheaded by Dr Anthony Greenwald, Dr Brian Nosek and Dr Maharin Banaji) presents the subject with the task concepts ‘gay’ and ‘straight’, the subject is then presented with images displaying gay or straight couples or words such as homosexual and heterosexual. When the stimulus appears on screen the subject pairs it with the corresponding category – picture of a man and wife pairs with straight concept. The next stage in the IAT is ‘Associated Attribute Discrimination’ as previously this stage is presented as a two- category discrimination task. The subject is asked to pair words such as happiness, love, agony, strife with the corresponding attributes good and bad according to which attribute best suits their meaning. Following the introduction to the ‘Target Concept Discrimination’ and to the ‘Associates Attribute Dimension’, the two are amalgamated in the third stage –i.e. gay and good on one side of the screen and straight and bad on the other or vice versa. During this stage stimuli for target and attribute discriminations appear on alternate trials. For example’ a picture of a homosexual couple would be shown followed by the word ‘famine’.   As previously the subject pairs the stimuli with their matching category. The fourth stage consists of reversing the target concepts position in the experiment and the final stage of the experiment combines the ‘Reversed Target Concept Discrimination’ with attribute discrimination. For example the gay concept is now on the same side of the screen as bad. The subject is then presented with alternating stimuli and pairs them with the appropriate concept or attribute. If the target concepts are differentially associated with the attribute dimension, the subject should find one of the combined task (either the third stage or the fifth stage) to be more difficult than the other- this is shown in the subjects reaction time; longer reaction times suggest the subject has higher difficulty pairing an attribute with a concept. The measure of the difference in difficulty is used to provide the measure of implicit attitudinal difference between the target categories (Greenwald et al, pg 1465-6; 1998). In the example of implicit attitudes towards sexual preference, it should be easier to complete the task when straight is combined with good if there is a stronger association between heterosexuals and good meanings than between homosexuals and good meaning, thus showing an implicit attitude of bias towards heterosexuals. Also it is common to use training stages before each of the combined discrimination stages to reduce the effects the order of the combined discrimination tasks has on the IAT results. Since the IAT was first described by Dr. Anthony Greenwald et al in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in 1998 it has grown exponentially in popularity, having been used in over 300 published studies and cited in over 800 articles (Azar, 2008). Among the reasons for the success of the IAT are its relative ease of use, the large effect sizes it creates, its high level of adaptability and its resistance to subject’s faking their responses. To show the validity of the IAT Greenway et al (1998) used the classical known-groups validity measure. This measure consists of using groups whom are known previous to the experiment to differ regarding the construct of interest. Greenwald et al used Americans of Korean and Japanese descent to test the validity of the IAT. The participants had to classify positive and negative words along with typical Korean and Japanese names in the combined discrimination stage, as expected the IAT results showed that individuals of Korean or Japanese descent were prone to hold mutually negative implicit attitudes towards the other ethnicity (Banse et al pg 146; 2001). It has been disputed that the reason for these IAT results is at least partially based on ethnic groups being more familiar with names associated with in their own group, i.e. positive IAT scores may reflect familiarity more so than sympathy with their own ethnic group. Another commonly expressed concern with the internal validity of the IAT is the order in which the combined discrimination tasks appear. Greenwald et al (1998) expressed that all other thing being equal, strengths of associations used in the first of the IATs two combined tasks had a tendency to be stronger than those used in the second combined task. However, in a subsequent study Nosek et al (2005) showed that an increase in the length of the training stages before each of the combined discrimination stages can result the order having less of an effect on the IAT scores. If the pairing order effect is due to the interference caused by learning and becoming accustomed to an initial response set and subsequently needing to replace it with a new response set, then extra practice with the new response set may act to reduce this effect. (Nosek et al, pg 177; 2005). Furthermore the IAT is designed that the order of the combined discrimination task be random.

The Unwitting Vehicle for Evil in Moby Dick :: Moby Dick Essays

The Unwitting Vehicle for Evil in Moby Dick My opinion about symbolism in the book Moby Dick is a patchwork of the "Evil Captain" theory and the "Nothingness" theory. In this theory chance and circumstance cause an unlucky (as opposed to ill-fated) captain to become the unwitting vehicle for evil. It is not his fault, he is driven to it by simple bad luck, and so evil is created out of nothingness, and then disappears from whence it came. The whale represents nothing, Starbuck represents nothing, Pip only serves to represent the madness that would have overtaken Ahab had he not invented an evil whale to blame his leg on, and most importantly Ishmael represents God, or the truth, or something I haven't thought up a name for yet. One thing that surprised me about this book was how contradictory the wording was. Sentences, paragraphs, and whole chapters were quite simply put to the ax and cut short as if Herman changed his mind upon further contemplation. At first I thought that Herman had A.D.D. but soon I figured that he was playing the old trick on us. That is, he was intentionally being non-descript in order for everyone to interpret the book in a different way (its such a common trick now that I look back, but it really had me for a while). In the beggining the quote reads, "Whales in the sea, Gods will obey," as if Moby Dick was beyond a force of nature, a tool of consummate evil, but by the end the book the quote reads normal, "Whales in the sea, God's will obey" (notice the possessive apostrophe missing in the first one?[thank you for misquoting]). An example of this type of contridiction of ideas occurs between pages 197 and the last page: Aside from the more obvious considerations touching Moby Dick, which could not but occasionally awaken in any man's soul some alarm, there was another thought, or rather vague, nameless horror concerning him, which at times by its intensity completely overpower all the rest; and yet so mystical and well nigh ineffable was it, that I almost despair of putting it in comprehensible form. it was the whiteness of the whale that above all things appalled me. But how can I hope to explain myself here; and yet, in some dim, random way, explain myself I must, else all these chapters might be naught.

Mountain Man Beer Company – Case Analysis

Case Analysis Mountain Man Brewing Company: Bringing the Brand to Light Mountain Man Brewing Company (MMBC) was founded by Guntar Prangel in 1925. He reformulated an old family brew with quality ingredients, resulting in a flavorful bitter tasting beer which was launched as the Mountain Man Lager. The brand grew to claim a respectable market share for an independent-family-owned-brewery, in whole of the East Central United States by 1960. Even today, after 80 years, the lager is a legacy brew, awarded as the Best Beer in West Virginia for many years in a row.MMBC is still a single product company and generates over $50 million in revenue and selling over 520,000 barrels of Mountain Man Lager. All has been well thus far but now the market trends are changing rapidly. Problem Statement For the first time in the 80+ years MMBC has experienced a 2 percent decline in revenue, relative to the prior fiscal year. Is this a one-time occurrence or a signal shift in the overall marketplace? Bus inesses must act in a certain manner in order to maximize profits or run the risk of losing their place in the marketplace.Chris Prangel, son of the President and owner of MMBC, Oscar Prangel, is to inherit the business in only five years. With differing management styles and thoughts on the direction the organization should take, this uncertainty could be potentially crippling over time. The question of whether or not MMBC should move ahead with Chris's plan to introduce a light beer product is the one that is most pertinent to the overall direction the company will take. The ever changing marketing environment with respect to demographic, socio-cultural, and political cenario will influence management’s decision on which path to take. SWOT Analysis: Strengths Mountain Man Lager has established a brand with a strong loyal blue –collar clientele. This high quality lager is known for its dark color, distinct bitter taste and slightly higher alcohol content. It boasts an unaided response rate of 67% from the adult population of WV and is known to be the best regional beer. In 2005, Mountain Man Lager won â€Å"Best Beer in West Virginia† for its eighth straight year. It also won â€Å"Best Beer in Indiana† and was selected as â€Å"America’s Championship Lager† at the American Beer Championship.Research has shown blue-collar males purchase 60% of the beer they drink from off-premise locations. Currently MMBC sells 70% of its beer at off-premise locations which is quiet consistent with the industry wide sales. The lager is affordably priced for the middle-to-lower income â€Å"working man†, at $2. 25 for a 12-ounce serving of draft beer in a bar and selling for $4. 99 for a six-pack in a local convenience store. Market research shows, Mountain Man’s position as an independent, family owned brewery provides a sense of â€Å"authenticity† with â€Å"anti-big-business† core drinkers.The brand is a s recognizable in the East Central region as Chevrolet and John Deere. MMBC has proven to be successful in grass-root marketing with a sales force which is known to not just push the brand but influence customers to embrace Mountain Man and promote the brand by word of mouth. Weaknesses: MMBC is well known for their bitter tasting product. This has given them great success in the past, however with the changing market they need to conform to the new way of doing business if they wish to continue to succeed in the future.Having only one main beer that is sold in the East Central region of the United States makes it hard to maintain profits. MMBC has been experiencing a decline in their sales by nearly 2%. MMBC has a very small demographic to which the lager appeals to. As such they are losing their influence over the younger market, as well as the women drinkers. The attractiveness of a bitter tasting lager doesn’t quite win over the younger generation. Studies have shown they prefer a light beer, something MMBC is considering developing. MMBC needs to consider the cost associated with launching the new line.They would sell the MMLight at the same price as the regular beer; however it costs considerably more to produce. Advertising would also add to the burden of MMLight. Advertising alone would cost over $750K for a six month campaign to reach brand awareness of 60%. As they still would only be able to sell the new product at the same price that their competitors are selling theirs, the cost might outweigh the rewards. Opportunities: Looking externally one can see that MMBC has many possible avenues they could take advantage of, in the changing U.S. demographic and beverage market. MMBC is known for their traditional high quality lager with the potential to expand into several fast growing markets such as light beer and super-premium beer. By entering a growing market MMBC could gain drinkers from different demographics which they currently lack, for in stance women and those in their twenties new to drinking. By implementing these changes it could offset the market share loss MMBC lager is currently facing. MMBC could restructure how they market their beer, looking at new avenues.The internet is one possibility, capitalizing on the younger generation and their anti-big-business-sentiment as a marketing tool. MMBC could try to increase sales in ‘on-premise’ locations. MMBC should also look to expand their distribution range to acquire more states in the U. S. focusing on their core grass root marketing strategies to grow their market share. Threats: The â€Å"threats† portion of a SWOT analysis is best described as an analysis of external environmental threats to the business itself.The following is a discussion of the most pertinent potential external influencers facing MMBC. Over the past four years per capita beer consumption in the US has declined by 2. 3% due in some part to competition from wine and spirit based drinks but also due to changing cultural mores encouraging moderation and personal responsibility. If this trend continues MMBC will be competing for an ever shrinking piece of the market. The potential economic and marketing response from the major brewery competitors is daunting to a company the size of Mountain Man.With economies of scale in brewing, transportation and marketing, the Budweisers of the world are formidable rivals to say the least. They could respond in such a way as to make doing business very difficult moving forward. Governmental involvement in the beer industry is another issue at hand. The Federal Government has already raised the excise tax and with laws changing how beer can be promoted in a retail setting newly passed in WV could other states in the East Central region be too far behind? The biggest potential threat is the shift in beer consumers taste to light beer and away from the premium beers overall.Light beer sales account for over 50% of all beer sales and are growing at a compound rate of 4% per year. One of the most troubling aspects of the surge in light beers popularity is the demographic that is driving it. Young, first time, beer buyers / drinkers are at the crux of the demographic and marketers understand that if you can capture a customer young enough you have them as a customer for life. Financials: A look at the market analysis show alarming trends. In 2005 MMBC’s revenue was down relative to the prior fiscal year.Changes in beer consumption are being driven by changing consumer segments. Light beer sales are increasing while Premium beer sales are decreasing in the east central region as seen in Exhibit 5 in the MMBC case. Super-premium beer sales increased the most by well over 9% in the past 6 years. This shows beer drinkers’ tastes are shifting significantly causing sales to reflect this trend. Exhibit 5 shows light beer has a much greater volume than premium beer; signifying even small marke t penetration can mean significant volumes.Looking at Exhibit 6 part A, the other brands have 14% of the light beer market beating out Coors coming in at 11%. This could imply that the light beer market is easily penetrated by a new product. Exhibit 2 examines the beer drinker demographics in 2005, MMLager has 19% of the female demographic which is only a small portion, while domestic light beer boasts of 42% of the female beer drinking demographic. MMLager is the preferred beer of only 2% people in the 21-24 yr age bracket. In the 25-34 yr age group, 15% people prefer the lager and in 19% prefer the lager in the 35-44 yr age bracket.These numbers are significantly less than those drinking domestic light beer and domestic premium beer. MMLager is losing the younger generation hands down. A large segment of the light beer drinkers (24%) make over $100 thousand dollars a year, so introducing a newer light beer at a slightly higher cost will hit a new income demographic that is not as worried about pricing. Recommendations: 1. Do nothing – MMBC customers base drinking lager is a shrinking market. The rate at which MMBC can make new customers can only replace a fraction of existing ones.Assuming the 2% annual sales decline, by 2010, sales would have declined by 10%, the profit margin would be drastically shrunk, and with fixed costs remaining the same the company might be out of business in a matter of years. Keeping in mind the demographics, there is quiet a possibility that the rate of declining sales might accelerate due to the aging customer base. The senior management at MMBC is reluctant to launch the new product and site the examples of over 40 breweries those have closed down. But this does not, in anyway, provide any solid evidence that MMBC will fall in those same footsteps if they are to launch the new line.According to research, product line extensions â€Å"helped brewers obtain greater shelf space of products† and â€Å"created greater product focus among distributers and retailers†. Suggesting that MMBC do nothing would be a very short-sighted decision and classic mistake of â€Å"marketing myopia†. MMBC should do something soon in order to keep up with the changing market. 2. Launching Mountain Man light – The research suggests that where the brand equity drives the sales of lager; the same strategy would not work for light beer as the association of stronger, bitter flavor is not going to capture the light beer segment.MMBC needs to distance itself from the blue-collar beer image in order to attract the younger generation. 3. Launching light beer with a new name – Data suggests that light beer should not be marketed to the existing customer base, as they are simply loyal to the original lager. As such, they should still incorporate the Mountain Man brand but name it something like â€Å"Mountain Light†. Having an affiliation with the brand will allow the same grass-root market ing strategy to be applied for marketing the light beer to the younger segment. Exhibits [pic] [pic] [pic]

What´s Social Psychology Essay - 1576 Words

Social psychology is a scientific-based study which is used to examine and explain how an individual’s thoughts and feelings affect their behaviour within a society; how the members socially interact, including their motives; and what influences these members have on each other. This essay will endeavour to introduce the key psychologists, their theories and the idiographic research they conducted. In particular, it will focus on the features and definition of conformity and the investigations into the views on conformity. Furthermore, it aims to critically analyse and reveal a correlation in the results and conclusions in respect to the current comprehension of human social behaviour. Conformity is a form of social influence and is†¦show more content†¦It is when a smaller portion of a group takes an unpopular stance and they manage to persuade the mass over to their way of thinking. This is usually a tactical and consistent influence performed over a longer period of time, with the minority being stubborn in their views, never compromising and always giving passionate arguments to every dispute or indifference. Christopher Columbus was in the minority in his belief that the earth was spherical. â€Å"Columbus had to fight these foolish beliefs in order to get men to sail with him. He felt sure the earth was round.† It is a normative social influence when people conform to ideas which bring acceptance and approval from others. One real account of this is an experience publicised by a lady known as ‘Mary-Anne,’ whilst socialising with three friends. She displayed an instance of public compliance, through concurring with a group norm, even though it conflicted with her inner principles. Mary-Anne explains how she later regretted this moment of weakness. 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